Revisión sistemática de intervenciones para el tratamiento de la depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer de colon
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Resumen
El cáncer es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo. Son conocidas sus consecuencias negativas en la salud mental de las personas que la padecen. Uno de los más comunes en la sociedad es el cáncer de colon. Los pacientes con este tipo de cáncer reciben mayoritariamente atención médica y farmacológica para sus síntomas físicos. El objetivo de esta revisión es dar a conocer y recalcar la importancia de las intervenciones en depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer de colon. Esta enfermedad no solo afecta al componente somático, el ajuste psicológico también puede verse alterado en multitud de ocasiones. En la actualidad, muchas terapias psicológicas son usadas para reducir los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en los pacientes. Estas propuestas de intervención buscan favorecer las condiciones contextuales, psicosociales, cognitivas, emocionales y conductuales de los enfermos. Hasta la fecha, las intervenciones en salud mental han sido de corte cognitivo-conductual o psicosocial. Los resultados concluyen una visión optimista relacionada con los programas de intervención mental, especialmente en terapias relacionadas con técnicas de promoción de la autoeficacia y la actividad física, mostrando cambios relevantes en los niveles de ansiedad, depresión e incluso calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer de colon.
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