¿Qué pasa después de la pandemia de covid-19? Las voces de los adolescentes sobre este período de su vida
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Resumen
Objetivo: Describir lo que los jóvenes encontraron más difícil durante COVID-19, sus estrategias de afrontamiento y expectativas con respecto al futuro. Método: Sew siguió un diseño multimétodo con 318 participantes (16-24 años; M = 19,07, DT = 2,66), en su mayoría chicas (69,5%), estudiantes (78,5%) de secundaria o equivalente (52,8%) o superior (41,7%). Resultados: En general, se señaló una situación negativa de la salud mental y social, la actividad física y el ocio, el tiempo de pantalla y la escuela/universidad. Al analizar las diferencias entre niveles educativos, destacan los estudiantes de la educación secundaria con más impacto negativo en la salud mental y social; igualmente, los estudiantes de educación secundaria sobresalen en conductas temerarias y en consumo de alcohol, así como en un menor gusto por la escuela; los universitarios señalan más el impacto sobre rendimiento escolar, estrés académico, relaciones con profesores y compañeros. Los participantes identificaron como áreas más complicadas la de salud mental, estar lejos de familiares y amigos, la pérdida de libertad, las clases en línea y la pérdida de eventos sociales. La familia, los amigos, la tecnología, el ejercicio, el ocio y el voluntariado fueron recursos que emplearon para sobrellevar la pandemia. Entre las consecuencias indicadas sobre las perspectivas de futuro, aunque positivas, los participantes revelaron posibles efectos sobre la salud mental y las perspectivas laborales. A largo plazo anticipan problemas en la economía, la digitalización en el trabajo y un planeta más saludable. Conclusiones: Se espera que estos resultados generen conciencia sobre la importancia del apoyo psicológico y la disponibilidad de recursos durante y después de la pandemia.
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